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	<title>Comments on: NASA exploration reorganization</title>
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	<description>Because sometimes the most important orbit is the Beltway...</description>
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		<title>By: Donald F. Robertson</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4723</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Donald F. Robertson]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2005 20:53:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4723</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[_IF_ we were to abandon the EELVs and go with just the SRB (a &quot;solution&quot; I would not advocate for a host of political and environmental reasons), I would agree with you.  But, the Air Force is not going to abandon the EELVs for the SRB, so we&#039;re still stuck with a NASA-unique launch vehicle that we can, technically, get by without.

Also, if we had spare resources, I&#039;d agree with you.  We don&#039;t.  _Anything_ that is not absolutely, unavoidably in the critical path to a minimum Lunar Base needs to be delayed until after the base is deployed.  Even then, this is going to be almost impossible in the budget we have. . . .

-- Donald

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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>_IF_ we were to abandon the EELVs and go with just the SRB (a &#8220;solution&#8221; I would not advocate for a host of political and environmental reasons), I would agree with you.  But, the Air Force is not going to abandon the EELVs for the SRB, so we&#8217;re still stuck with a NASA-unique launch vehicle that we can, technically, get by without.</p>
<p>Also, if we had spare resources, I&#8217;d agree with you.  We don&#8217;t.  _Anything_ that is not absolutely, unavoidably in the critical path to a minimum Lunar Base needs to be delayed until after the base is deployed.  Even then, this is going to be almost impossible in the budget we have. . . .</p>
<p>&#8212; Donald</p>
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		<title>By: Cecil Trotter</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4722</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Cecil Trotter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2005 20:40:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4722</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You’re talking about the technical end of launching at leisure over weeks or month’s time, my biggest problem with that scenario is the political ramifications. Every anti-space politician and media outlet in the country would immediately begin to make comparisons to ISS.

Yes the EELV’s are available, but they are not ready to launch a CEV. There has only been one launch of an EELV that would have the capacity to lift even a “small” CEV; that is hardly a proven vehicle. So I don’t see the development gulf between SRB launcher and EELV launcher for CEV being as great as you believe it would be.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You’re talking about the technical end of launching at leisure over weeks or month’s time, my biggest problem with that scenario is the political ramifications. Every anti-space politician and media outlet in the country would immediately begin to make comparisons to ISS.</p>
<p>Yes the EELV’s are available, but they are not ready to launch a CEV. There has only been one launch of an EELV that would have the capacity to lift even a “small” CEV; that is hardly a proven vehicle. So I don’t see the development gulf between SRB launcher and EELV launcher for CEV being as great as you believe it would be.</p>
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		<title>By: Donald F. Robertson</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4721</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Donald F. Robertson]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2005 18:59:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4721</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Cecil, I think you&#039;re are making the EELV&#039;s unnecessarily complex and glossing over some of the complexities of using Shuttle-derived.  The only things that need to be launched in the same day are cryogenic fuels and the crew.  Everything else can be launched at leasure and stored until use.  Yes, the SRBs are probably cheaper to launch; but the EELVs are being maintained anyway.  You&#039;re still back to developing and maintaining (at least) two launch vehicles, as opposed to one.  

Also, you and Karen both keep ignoring one key aspect of my argument.  I am not saying that we should stick with EELVs forever, or even for very long.  Even if we continued to use medium-class vehicles, I would only advocate using the EELVs until the SpaceX crowd come up with something better.  

What I am advocating is using EELVs to get a start, either while (or more realistically before) developing the optomised transportation system and all the other stuff that engineers want to develop.  Send a hand-full of crews there with the inefficient method, but get them there soon.  They can use a small lab to develop the knowledge and equipment that Karen needs to do her mining, and get a lot of science done in the process.  Then, you&#039;ve got something to show for the VSE that justifies further investment.  

I am not against your HLV, only against making it the first step of what will, in either case, be a long and drawn-out project lasting decades to thousands of years.  But only if it gets started.  Every journey starts with a single step; if you take ten at once you only trip and fall.

-- Donald]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cecil, I think you&#8217;re are making the EELV&#8217;s unnecessarily complex and glossing over some of the complexities of using Shuttle-derived.  The only things that need to be launched in the same day are cryogenic fuels and the crew.  Everything else can be launched at leasure and stored until use.  Yes, the SRBs are probably cheaper to launch; but the EELVs are being maintained anyway.  You&#8217;re still back to developing and maintaining (at least) two launch vehicles, as opposed to one.  </p>
<p>Also, you and Karen both keep ignoring one key aspect of my argument.  I am not saying that we should stick with EELVs forever, or even for very long.  Even if we continued to use medium-class vehicles, I would only advocate using the EELVs until the SpaceX crowd come up with something better.  </p>
<p>What I am advocating is using EELVs to get a start, either while (or more realistically before) developing the optomised transportation system and all the other stuff that engineers want to develop.  Send a hand-full of crews there with the inefficient method, but get them there soon.  They can use a small lab to develop the knowledge and equipment that Karen needs to do her mining, and get a lot of science done in the process.  Then, you&#8217;ve got something to show for the VSE that justifies further investment.  </p>
<p>I am not against your HLV, only against making it the first step of what will, in either case, be a long and drawn-out project lasting decades to thousands of years.  But only if it gets started.  Every journey starts with a single step; if you take ten at once you only trip and fall.</p>
<p>&#8212; Donald</p>
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		<title>By: Cecil Trotter</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4720</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Cecil Trotter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2005 04:37:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4720</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Donald: “Your&#039;re still ignoring the overhead, i.e., maintaining three or four launchers (EELVs, SRB, HLV) instead of one or two (EELVs); launch pads; supplier bases; standing armies, additional complexity, etc., etc.”

And you are ignoring the costs of building enough EELV pads to support a launch rate that would enable us to build a Moon base in a reasonable period of time at 20 tons per launch. There would need to be 4-6 EELV launch pads to enable that number of EELVs to launch on the same day (in theory) to loft the same mass that one HLV could lift on that same one day. And then you still have the task of assembling those 4-6 “modules” while the HLV lofted payload is already on its way to the Moon. The supplier base for Shuttle derive vehicles is already in place (and with considerable political backing as I’ve stated before) and there is no reason to believe that the task of launching numerous EELV’s to get a require tonnage in orbit will require less of a standing army that one HLV would require. As for additional complexities are you saying a Delta IV is less complex than an SRB? Somehow I doubt that. Launching 20 tons at a time and assembling in orbit, even assuming no launch delays, is certainly more complex than launching everything on one HLV. 

David: “What if neither if the two assertions above re SRB&#039;s is true? Would that be a problem?”

The SRB designs thus far proposed do have greater lift capacity than any current EELV, that is a simple fact. As for being cheaper, that’s my guess. Do you have anything to refute my belief that an SRB is cheaper than a comparable (capacity wise) EELV?

David: “By the way, a five segment Solid Rocket Booster would be the first stage of the smaller of the two of Dr. Griffin&#039;s proposed missiles. This missile would have an L2/O2 second stage. This newest NASA vision does not call for an all-SRB launch missile.”

An EELV based CEV launcher would in all likelihood require a second stage as well. Your point is...?

David: “Since you have not seen any &quot;real&quot; dollar figures, how can we be confident about your bet?”

Show me some real figures and we’ll see. 

David: “Show us some data that backs up that alleged 50%.”

Delta IV Heavy 20-25 (depending on source) tons to LEO, 5-Segment SRB with SSME upper stage 29 tons to LEO. Do the math yourself; it comes to approximately 25-45% more capacity.

Donald: “Also, Cecil, your back-of-the-envelope figures assume no benefits from economies of scale.”

The more we buy the cheaper they become, but how much cheaper? To be truly affordable there would need to be at least a 50% reduction in the current $250 price tag on a Delta IVH. I just have very serious doubts of that ever happening.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Donald: “Your&#8217;re still ignoring the overhead, i.e., maintaining three or four launchers (EELVs, SRB, HLV) instead of one or two (EELVs); launch pads; supplier bases; standing armies, additional complexity, etc., etc.”</p>
<p>And you are ignoring the costs of building enough EELV pads to support a launch rate that would enable us to build a Moon base in a reasonable period of time at 20 tons per launch. There would need to be 4-6 EELV launch pads to enable that number of EELVs to launch on the same day (in theory) to loft the same mass that one HLV could lift on that same one day. And then you still have the task of assembling those 4-6 “modules” while the HLV lofted payload is already on its way to the Moon. The supplier base for Shuttle derive vehicles is already in place (and with considerable political backing as I’ve stated before) and there is no reason to believe that the task of launching numerous EELV’s to get a require tonnage in orbit will require less of a standing army that one HLV would require. As for additional complexities are you saying a Delta IV is less complex than an SRB? Somehow I doubt that. Launching 20 tons at a time and assembling in orbit, even assuming no launch delays, is certainly more complex than launching everything on one HLV. </p>
<p>David: “What if neither if the two assertions above re SRB&#8217;s is true? Would that be a problem?”</p>
<p>The SRB designs thus far proposed do have greater lift capacity than any current EELV, that is a simple fact. As for being cheaper, that’s my guess. Do you have anything to refute my belief that an SRB is cheaper than a comparable (capacity wise) EELV?</p>
<p>David: “By the way, a five segment Solid Rocket Booster would be the first stage of the smaller of the two of Dr. Griffin&#8217;s proposed missiles. This missile would have an L2/O2 second stage. This newest NASA vision does not call for an all-SRB launch missile.”</p>
<p>An EELV based CEV launcher would in all likelihood require a second stage as well. Your point is&#8230;?</p>
<p>David: “Since you have not seen any &#8220;real&#8221; dollar figures, how can we be confident about your bet?”</p>
<p>Show me some real figures and we’ll see. </p>
<p>David: “Show us some data that backs up that alleged 50%.”</p>
<p>Delta IV Heavy 20-25 (depending on source) tons to LEO, 5-Segment SRB with SSME upper stage 29 tons to LEO. Do the math yourself; it comes to approximately 25-45% more capacity.</p>
<p>Donald: “Also, Cecil, your back-of-the-envelope figures assume no benefits from economies of scale.”</p>
<p>The more we buy the cheaper they become, but how much cheaper? To be truly affordable there would need to be at least a 50% reduction in the current $250 price tag on a Delta IVH. I just have very serious doubts of that ever happening.</p>
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		<title>By: Donald F. Robertson</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4719</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Donald F. Robertson]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Sep 2005 00:52:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4719</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Also, Cecil, your back-of-the-envelope figures assume no benefits from economies of scale.  Remember, a Delta-IV Heavy is not the same as 3 x Delta-IV.  It&#039;s probably got one avionics package; one faring; one satellite support structure, et cetera.  The &quot;common booster&quot; was proposed precisely because it is common to take maximum advantage of mass production.  The more Delta-IVs we launch -- of whatever size -- the more common boosters we produce, and the cheaper they become.  None of that is likely to be true of Shuttle-derived vehicles.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Also, Cecil, your back-of-the-envelope figures assume no benefits from economies of scale.  Remember, a Delta-IV Heavy is not the same as 3 x Delta-IV.  It&#8217;s probably got one avionics package; one faring; one satellite support structure, et cetera.  The &#8220;common booster&#8221; was proposed precisely because it is common to take maximum advantage of mass production.  The more Delta-IVs we launch &#8212; of whatever size &#8212; the more common boosters we produce, and the cheaper they become.  None of that is likely to be true of Shuttle-derived vehicles.</p>
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		<title>By: David Davenport</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4718</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Davenport]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2005 23:40:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4718</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&lt;i&gt; But if an SRB launcher is cheaper, and can lift more, what is the problem? 

What if neither if the two assertions above re SRB&#039;s is true? Would that be a problem?

By the way, a five segment Solid Rocket Booster would be the first stage of the smaller of the two of Dr. Griffin&#039;s proposed missiles. This missile would have an L2/O2 second stage. This newest NASA  vision does not call for an all-SRB launch missile.

&lt;i&gt;I&#039;ve still not seen any &quot;real&quot; dollar figures on DIVH vs SRB,  but I think it is a real good bet that an SRB costs less than the DIVH $250 million.&lt;/i&gt; 

Since you have not seen any &quot;real&quot; dollar figures, how can we be confident about your bet?

&lt;i&gt; Given the SRB&#039;s nearly 50% lift capacity advantage 

Show us some data that backs up that alleged 50%.

&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i> But if an SRB launcher is cheaper, and can lift more, what is the problem? </p>
<p>What if neither if the two assertions above re SRB&#8217;s is true? Would that be a problem?</p>
<p>By the way, a five segment Solid Rocket Booster would be the first stage of the smaller of the two of Dr. Griffin&#8217;s proposed missiles. This missile would have an L2/O2 second stage. This newest NASA  vision does not call for an all-SRB launch missile.</p>
<p></i><i>I&#8217;ve still not seen any &#8220;real&#8221; dollar figures on DIVH vs SRB,  but I think it is a real good bet that an SRB costs less than the DIVH $250 million.</i> </p>
<p>Since you have not seen any &#8220;real&#8221; dollar figures, how can we be confident about your bet?</p>
<p><i> Given the SRB&#8217;s nearly 50% lift capacity advantage </p>
<p>Show us some data that backs up that alleged 50%.</p>
<p></i></p>
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		<title>By: Donald F. Robertson</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4717</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Donald F. Robertson]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2005 21:38:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4717</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Your&#039;re still ignoring the overhead, i.e., maintaining three or four launchers (EELVs, SRB, HLV) instead of one or two (EELVs); launch pads; supplier bases; standing armies, additional complexity, etc., etc.  All of those are sunk costs that are not applied to establishing your first bases in the near Solar System.  In the case of the EELVs, the Air Force pays the overhead, or at least a major contribution; the VSE would pay the incremental cost of their additional launches plus a share of the overhead -- much less than the overhead to maintain two launch vehicles exclusively for VSE use.  Also, the EELVs could be replaced by truly private launchers relatively easily when those come along (I&#039;d advocate for them now, but I don&#039;t think we&#039;re quite there yet); if the Shuttle infrastructure is retained, it is unlikely to ever be commercialized.  Likewise, if we have four government launch vehicles, there&#039;s not going to be much pie left for the entrepreneurs.  If we are going to use an HLV in the future, we&#039;ll need a clean sheet design anyway.  Why build two HLVs, when you can wait a few years and do your clean-sheet design when you have a justifiable, measurable, marketable reason for an HLV and may even be able to get private interests to pay for it?

-- Donald]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Your&#8217;re still ignoring the overhead, i.e., maintaining three or four launchers (EELVs, SRB, HLV) instead of one or two (EELVs); launch pads; supplier bases; standing armies, additional complexity, etc., etc.  All of those are sunk costs that are not applied to establishing your first bases in the near Solar System.  In the case of the EELVs, the Air Force pays the overhead, or at least a major contribution; the VSE would pay the incremental cost of their additional launches plus a share of the overhead &#8212; much less than the overhead to maintain two launch vehicles exclusively for VSE use.  Also, the EELVs could be replaced by truly private launchers relatively easily when those come along (I&#8217;d advocate for them now, but I don&#8217;t think we&#8217;re quite there yet); if the Shuttle infrastructure is retained, it is unlikely to ever be commercialized.  Likewise, if we have four government launch vehicles, there&#8217;s not going to be much pie left for the entrepreneurs.  If we are going to use an HLV in the future, we&#8217;ll need a clean sheet design anyway.  Why build two HLVs, when you can wait a few years and do your clean-sheet design when you have a justifiable, measurable, marketable reason for an HLV and may even be able to get private interests to pay for it?</p>
<p>&#8212; Donald</p>
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		<title>By: Cecil Trotter</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4716</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Cecil Trotter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2005 21:02:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4716</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[NASA will pay for the launch vehicles it uses regardless if they’re EELVs, SRBs or something else. I doubt that the cost of developing an SRB derived CEV launcher will be much more if any more than adapting an EELV as a CEV launcher. Given the SRB&#039;s nearly 50% lift capacity advantage, if it cost a little more it will be worthwhile. As for the HLV, it doesn’t need a high launch rate because it will do the job of at least 4-6 EELV’s with one launch from one pad on one day. And using EELV’s would certainly entail spending money on launch vehicles, many launches at $250 million each.

Of course we’ve been over all this before......]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>NASA will pay for the launch vehicles it uses regardless if they’re EELVs, SRBs or something else. I doubt that the cost of developing an SRB derived CEV launcher will be much more if any more than adapting an EELV as a CEV launcher. Given the SRB&#8217;s nearly 50% lift capacity advantage, if it cost a little more it will be worthwhile. As for the HLV, it doesn’t need a high launch rate because it will do the job of at least 4-6 EELV’s with one launch from one pad on one day. And using EELV’s would certainly entail spending money on launch vehicles, many launches at $250 million each.</p>
<p>Of course we’ve been over all this before&#8230;&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Donald F. Robertson</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4715</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Donald F. Robertson]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2005 20:07:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4715</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In this particular argument, Cecil, I&#039;m not disputing the SRB decision, although I am concerned that it requires the nation to maintain two or three medium launch vehicles (EELVs + SRB) as opposed to one or two (EELV(s)).  It also is taking a vehicle that the Air Force pays for and replacing it with one that NASA gets to pay for.

My real problem is with the Suttle-derived HLV, as you know.  Again, this is something NASA gets to pay for by themselves, it adds to the number of launch vehicles we have to maintain, and under no conditions is it likely to have a high launch rate.  Worst of all, the costs have to come before the Lunar Base, not after.  

The key innovation of Mr. O&#039;Keef&#039;s idea, which has now been effectively abandoned, is to spend money on exploration, not launch vehicles, and to keep the whole thing within current budgets.  

If you can develop Shuttle-derived HLV, medium-class SRB-derived, the CEV itself, lunar transfer vehicle, lunar lander, and lunar surface infrastructure all at once and keep the peak spending below $8 billion, more power to you.  I am _extremely_ dubious.

-- Donald]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In this particular argument, Cecil, I&#8217;m not disputing the SRB decision, although I am concerned that it requires the nation to maintain two or three medium launch vehicles (EELVs + SRB) as opposed to one or two (EELV(s)).  It also is taking a vehicle that the Air Force pays for and replacing it with one that NASA gets to pay for.</p>
<p>My real problem is with the Suttle-derived HLV, as you know.  Again, this is something NASA gets to pay for by themselves, it adds to the number of launch vehicles we have to maintain, and under no conditions is it likely to have a high launch rate.  Worst of all, the costs have to come before the Lunar Base, not after.  </p>
<p>The key innovation of Mr. O&#8217;Keef&#8217;s idea, which has now been effectively abandoned, is to spend money on exploration, not launch vehicles, and to keep the whole thing within current budgets.  </p>
<p>If you can develop Shuttle-derived HLV, medium-class SRB-derived, the CEV itself, lunar transfer vehicle, lunar lander, and lunar surface infrastructure all at once and keep the peak spending below $8 billion, more power to you.  I am _extremely_ dubious.</p>
<p>&#8212; Donald</p>
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		<title>By: Cecil Trotter</title>
		<link>http://www.spacepolitics.com/2005/09/08/nasa-exploration-reorganization/#comment-4714</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Cecil Trotter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2005 19:54:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.districtofbaseball.com/spacepolitics/?p=647#comment-4714</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I don&#039;t recall this requirement you say O&#039;Keefe had, but I&#039;ll take your word on it. But that is only one change, SRB rather that EELV for launching the CEV. That is hardly &quot;re-re-redesign at great expense&quot;.

But if an SRB launcher is cheaper, and can lift more, what is the problem?

I&#039;ve still not seen any &quot;real&quot; dollar figures on DIVH vs SRB, but I think it is a real good bet that an SRB costs less than the DIVH $250 million.

And even if NASA started using a dozen CBC&#039;s a year, I doubt that would bring the piece price of the EELV down by more than 10-20 percent. It would never get down to the orginal estimate of $170 million.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I don&#8217;t recall this requirement you say O&#8217;Keefe had, but I&#8217;ll take your word on it. But that is only one change, SRB rather that EELV for launching the CEV. That is hardly &#8220;re-re-redesign at great expense&#8221;.</p>
<p>But if an SRB launcher is cheaper, and can lift more, what is the problem?</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve still not seen any &#8220;real&#8221; dollar figures on DIVH vs SRB, but I think it is a real good bet that an SRB costs less than the DIVH $250 million.</p>
<p>And even if NASA started using a dozen CBC&#8217;s a year, I doubt that would bring the piece price of the EELV down by more than 10-20 percent. It would never get down to the orginal estimate of $170 million.</p>
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